Teaching programming to young learners using Scala and Kojo

Abstract

This paper presents an approach to teaching programming
and abstract thinking to young learners using Scala
and Kojo. Kojo is an open source IDE for the Scala programming
language. The approach is based on Scala APIs for turtle graphics
and functional pictures, a process of interactive exploration
and discovery, and structured learning material that guides
learners. The approach encourages playful self-learning of basic
programming principles such as sequential execution, repetition,
primitives, composition, abstraction, parametrized abstraction,
and nested abstractions. It also includes tools to help children
read and understand programs. Results from the use of Kojo
and Scala in the teaching of young learners in Sweden and India
are presented, along with a discussion of experiences and future
development.